M3: Clinical Simulation | Master in Critical Care and Emergencies | Master's in Critical Patient and Emergencies

All about the Module 3

Module 3 Access Requirements

To access Module 3, Modules 1 and 2 must have been completed or validated.

Objectives and Competencies

In this Module 3, you acquire a new dimension of work based on the resolution of crisis situations – “Crisis Resource Management (CRM)” -. Decision-making, non-technical skills such as communication, leadership, and teamwork, and advanced debriefing and facilitation techniques will be worked on in complex situations.

Furthermore, we reinforce all aspects related to the concept of error and clinical safety in critical patient care, strengthening critical thinking and reflective learning.

The essential competencies of this module are:

To know and apply communication tools and team dynamics in realistic clinical simulation environments, to improve patient safety.
To analyze clinical cases with a specific focus on the quality of care in critical patient and emergency situations.
To anticipate, recognize, and respond appropriately in high-complexity clinical environments, integrating the principles of Crisis Resource Management.

Methodology and Teaching Resources

The methodology and teaching resources are detailed below:

Theoretical lessons: A set of audiovisual presentations, delivered asynchronously online, as well as written support material for each of the topics.
Seminars: Interactive group sessions where reflection on the culture of error, the human factor, and situational awareness takes place.
Clinical simulation: Simulated cases with multidisciplinary teams, with educational debriefing as a reflective technique to analyze the decision-making process.
Virtual reality: Autonomous and group resolution of clinical cases with the SimX® virtual reality system. These cases offer a unique opportunity to deepen practical learning and develop key competencies in patient management, all in a flexible and collaborative environment.
Knowledge transfer: Individual activities to foster critical thinking and clinical reasoning through the use of storytelling and video analysis.
TeamSTEPPS© Training: Teamwork, communication, leadership, and clinical debriefing skills will be deepened through these tools.
TeamSTEPPS (Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety) is a program designed to improve communication, teamwork, and patient safety in healthcare settings. It was created by the AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Defense.
TALK© Course: Reflection techniques in the workplace through clinical debriefing. It awards a certificate from the TALK Foundation in the United Kingdom).
The TALK© project received funding from a Marie Curie – Horizon 2020 European grant, and involved the MCE team along with institutions from the United Kingdom and Norway. It will be taught by Cristina Díaz-Navarro, Consultant Anesthesiologist at Cardiff Hospital (UK). Find more information here.

Teaching Content

The following areas will be addressed in this Module:

Fundamentals of patient safety.
Introduction to the team approach to critical situations.
Leadership and communication.
Prioritizing, anticipating, and planning.
Team competencies through TeamSTEPPS.
Critical incidents.
Clinical debriefing through TALK.
Situational awareness and fixation error.
Decision-making from the perspective of complexity.

In this Module, the following clinical simulation cases will be carried out:

Case 0.- We will work on generating a psychologically safe environment through group dynamics and reflections. The concept of relational styles according to the Bridge© Model will be explored.
Case 1.- We will work on effective communication, the distribution of tasks among team members, the introduction to the concept of leadership and follower, and good teamwork. Case focused on the Advanced Life Support algorithm in a County Hospital emergency setting.
Case 2.- We will work on how to ask for help, anticipation, and planning, in addition to the objectives of the previous cases. Case focused on the Advanced Trauma Life Support algorithm in a prehospital and County Hospital emergency setting.
Case 3.- We will work on how to ask for help, prioritization, anticipation, and planning, in addition to the objectives of the previous cases. Case of Respiratory Failure in a hospital ward and ICU setting of a Third Level Hospital.
Case 4.- It consists of carrying out clinical and non-clinical cases in a group and individually through virtual reality for team decision-making, communication, anticipation, and planning.
Case 5.- We will address fixation error and situational awareness and apply double-checking mechanisms, in addition to the objectives of the previous cases. Case focused on a severe polytrauma patient in an ICU setting of a Third Level Hospital.
Case 6.- Decision-making in dynamic environments with virtual reality. We will use all available information and resources, situational awareness, and cognitive resources.

Follow-up, assistance, and passing criteria

The participation and evaluation requirements for this Module are detailed below:

Attendance/Follow-up of 80% of the theoretical lessons, seminars, simulation cases, TeamSTEPPS training, and TALK Debriefing course.
Completion of Knowledge Transfer Activities.
Passing a basic theoretical content test from the TeamSTEPPS training.

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